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Free Questions › CFA › Economics
Free CFA Economics Practice Questions & Answers
2,050 exam-style Economics questions. Pick your answer, hit Check answer, and see the worked solution — free to start, no signup.
100% free · No login to startQuestion 1801
QE3 continued until:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — The labor market improved substantially
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: QE3 was tied to labor market improvement. Wrong: A, C, D: Not the trigger.
Question 1802
A risk of QE is that central banks may:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Accumulate bad assets
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Buying risky assets exposes the central bank to losses. Wrong: B, C, D: Not QE risks.
Question 1803
If a central bank suffers losses on QE assets, it risks:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Loss of confidence in fiat money
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Losses undermine trust in the currency issuer. Wrong: A, C, D: Not consequences.
Question 1804
A key limitation of monetary policy is that central banks cannot control:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — How much money households deposit
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Deposits depend on private behavior. Wrong: A, C, D: Not monetary limitations.
Question 1805
Another limitation is that central banks cannot control:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Bank willingness to lend
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Banks may refuse to lend even with high reserves. Wrong: B, C, D: Not monetary issues.
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Question 1806
Because banks may not lend, central banks cannot always control:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — The money supply
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Money supply depends on credit creation. Wrong: A, C, D: Not directly affected.
Question 1807
Monetary and fiscal policy interact because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — They affect aggregate demand through different channels
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Both influence demand but through different mechanisms. Wrong: B, C, D: Incorrect.
Question 1808
Easy fiscal policy with tight monetary policy results in:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Higher output and higher interest rates
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Fiscal expansion raises output; tight money raises rates. Wrong: A, C, D: Not accurate.
Question 1809
In easy fiscal/tight monetary conditions, government spending becomes:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — A larger share of GDP
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Private demand is restrained by high rates. Wrong: A, C, D: Incorrect.
Question 1810
Tight fiscal policy with easy monetary policy results in:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Expanding private sector
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Low rates stimulate private demand while government shrinks. Wrong: A, C, D: Not correct.
Question 1811
Easy monetary + easy fiscal policy results in:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Highly expansionary conditions
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Both policies stimulate demand strongly. Wrong: A, C, D: Opposite.
Question 1812
Tight monetary + tight fiscal policy results in:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Falling demand
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Both policies contract demand. Wrong: A, C, D: Not accurate.
Question 1813
In tight monetary/tight fiscal conditions, interest rates:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Rise
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Tight money raises rates. Wrong: A, C, D: Incorrect.
Question 1814
In tight monetary/tight fiscal conditions, aggregate demand falls because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Government spending falls and private demand weakens
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Both public and private demand contract. Wrong: A, C, D: Not the mechanism.
Question 1815
Easy fiscal policy increases output because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Government spending rises or taxes fall
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Fiscal expansion boosts demand. Wrong: A, C, D: Not expansionary.
Question 1816
Tight fiscal policy reduces output because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: C — Spending falls or taxes rise
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Fiscal contraction reduces demand. Wrong: A, B, D: Opposite.
Question 1817
Easy monetary policy stimulates demand by:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Lowering interest rates
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Lower rates encourage borrowing and spending. Wrong: A, C, D: Not monetary stimulus.
Question 1818
Tight monetary policy reduces demand by:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Raising interest rates
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Higher rates discourage borrowing. Wrong: A, C, D: Not contractionary.
Question 1819
The effectiveness of fiscal policy depends partly on:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Monetary policy stance
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Fiscal effects differ under tight vs easy money. Wrong: B, C, D: Not primary.
Question 1820
The effectiveness of monetary policy depends partly on:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Fiscal stance
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Fiscal expansion or contraction affects monetary transmission. Wrong: B, C, D: Not primary.
Question 1821
If fiscal policy is easy and monetary policy is tight, interest rates:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Rise
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Tight money raises rates despite fiscal expansion. Wrong: A, C, D: Incorrect.
Question 1822
If fiscal policy is tight and monetary policy is easy, interest rates:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Fall
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Easy money lowers rates despite fiscal contraction. Wrong: A, C, D: Incorrect.
Question 1823
Easy monetary + easy fiscal policy tends to:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Lower interest rates
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Easy money lowers rates; fiscal expansion raises demand. Wrong: B, C, D: Not typical.
Question 1824
Tight monetary + tight fiscal policy tends to:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Raise interest rates
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Tight money raises rates; tight fiscal reduces demand. Wrong: A, C, D: Incorrect.
Question 1825
Monetary policy is more effective when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Banks are willing to lend
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Lending is essential for transmission. Wrong: B, C, D: Reduce effectiveness.
Question 1826
Fiscal policy is more effective when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Monetary policy is accommodative
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Low rates amplify fiscal stimulus. Wrong: B, C, D: Not optimal.
Question 1827
Monetary policy is less effective when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Banks hold excess reserves
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: Excess reserves reduce credit creation. Wrong: A, C, D: Not limiting factors.
Question 1828
Fiscal policy is less effective when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Monetary policy is tight
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: High rates offset fiscal stimulus. Wrong: B, C, D: Not limiting.
Question 1829
A liquidity trap makes monetary policy ineffective because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Additional money does not lower interest rates or stimulate activity
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: In a liquidity trap, people are willing to hold unlimited money balances, so extra money does not reduce rates or boost lending. ✘ Why others wrong: A: Rates can rise; the issue is they cannot fall further. C: Deposits still occur. D: Fiscal policy does not automatically expand.
Question 1830
Deflation makes monetary policy difficult because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Nominal interest rates cannot fall far below zero
Explanation: ✔ Why correct: The zero lower bound prevents deep rate cuts needed to fight deflation. ✘ Why others wrong: A: They can raise rates. C: Lending slows but does not necessarily stop. D: Deflation lowers, not raises, inflation expectations.
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