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Free Questions › CFA › Economics
Free CFA Economics Practice Questions & Answers
2,050 exam-style Economics questions. Pick your answer, hit Check answer, and see the worked solution — free to start, no signup.
100% free · No login to startQuestion 91
The production function exhibits diminishing returns when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Adding more of one input increases output by smaller increments
Explanation: A is correct: Classic diminishing marginal product of a single input. B/D shift productivity upward. C describes constant returns to scale, not diminishing returns.
Question 92
Increasing both labor and capital by 10% leads to a 10% increase in output. This indicates:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Constant returns to scale
Explanation: B is correct: Output rises proportionally → constant returns to scale. A/C imply more or less than proportional. D refers to one input, not both.
Question 93
A country’s production function shifts upward when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Technology improves
Explanation: A is correct: Better technology increases output for any input level. B/C reduce output. D affects prices, not production.
Question 94
A country with high capital but low technology will likely experience:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Low marginal returns to capital
Explanation: B is correct: High capital → diminishing marginal product. A applies to low‑capital economies. C/D contradict production theory.
Question 95
Capital deepening refers to:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — More capital per worker
Explanation: A is correct: Capital deepening = rising capital–labor ratio. B is the opposite. C/D unrelated.
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Question 96
Capital deepening increases output per worker most when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — The economy has very little capital
Explanation: A is correct: Low capital → high marginal product → strong gains. B faces diminishing returns. C/D weaken growth.
Question 97
Capital deepening alone cannot sustain long‑term growth because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: B — Diminishing returns limit gains
Explanation: B is correct: Additional capital adds less output over time. A is true but not the core reason. C/D are not fundamental constraints.
Question 98
A country increases investment but sees only small gains in output per worker. The most likely reason is:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — It already has a high capital–labor ratio
Explanation: A is correct: High capital → diminishing returns → small gains. B/C/D do not explain weak productivity gains.
Question 99
Capital deepening raises living standards only if:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Workers can use the new capital effectively
Explanation: A is correct: Human capital must complement physical capital. B/C/D do not determine productivity.
Question 100
Technological progress differs from capital deepening because it:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Raises output without requiring more inputs
Explanation: A is correct: Technology shifts the production function upward. B is not required. C is unrelated. D is incorrect; diminishing returns still apply.
Question 101
Sustained long‑term growth requires technological progress because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Capital deepening eventually stops raising output
Explanation: A is correct: Only technology can offset diminishing returns. B/C/D are incorrect.
Question 102
An upward shift in the production function most likely reflects:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Better technology
Explanation: A is correct: Technology increases output at all input levels. B/C/D do not shift the production function.
Question 103
A country with rapid technological progress will likely experience:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Higher productivity growth
Explanation: A is correct: Technology boosts productivity. B/C/D contradict growth theory.
Question 104
Technological progress increases the marginal product of capital because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Capital becomes more effective
Explanation: A is correct: Better technology makes each unit of capital more productive. B/C/D do not explain marginal product changes.
Question 105
Human capital refers to:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Education and skills of workers
Explanation: A is correct: Human capital = knowledge, skills, training. B/C/D are different inputs.
Question 106
Higher human capital increases productivity because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Workers use capital more efficiently
Explanation: A is correct: Skilled workers extract more output from capital. B/C/D unrelated.
Question 107
A country invests heavily in education. The long‑term effect is most likely:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Higher productivity
Explanation: A is correct: Education → skills → productivity. B/C/D contradict human capital theory.
Question 108
Human capital accumulation is important because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — It complements physical capital
Explanation: A is correct: Skilled workers make capital more productive. B/C/D are incorrect.
Question 109
A country with high physical capital but low human capital will likely experience:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Low productivity
Explanation: A is correct: Without skills, capital is underutilized. B/C/D contradict growth theory.
Question 110
Labor supply increases when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Population grows
Explanation: A is correct: More people → more workers. B/C/D reduce labor supply.
Question 111
A rising labor force participation rate increases potential output because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — More people are working
Explanation: A is correct: More workers → more output. B/C/D unrelated.
Question 112
A country with an aging population is likely to experience:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Slower labor force growth
Explanation: A is correct: Aging → fewer workers entering labor force. B is opposite. C is not automatic. D is opposite.
Question 113
Immigration can boost economic growth because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — It increases labor supply
Explanation: A is correct: More workers → higher potential output. B/C/D are incorrect.
Question 114
A country with a high share of young people will likely experience:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Strong future labor force growth
Explanation: A is correct: Young population → future workers → growth potential. B/C/D contradict demographic logic.
Question 115
Labor force participation increases when:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — More people choose to work or look for work
Explanation: A is correct: Participation = % of working‑age population working or seeking work. B/C/D reduce participation.
Question 116
A country with low female labor force participation can increase potential growth by:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Encouraging more women to enter the workforce
Explanation: A is correct: More workers → higher labor input → higher potential GDP. B/C/D reduce participation.
Question 117
A falling labor force participation rate reduces potential output because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Fewer people are contributing labor
Explanation: A is correct: Fewer workers → lower labor input → lower potential GDP. B/C/D do not explain reduced potential output.
Question 118
A country with high youth unemployment but rising participation rates is likely experiencing:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — More people entering the labor force
Explanation: A is correct: Participation rising means more people are trying to work. B/C/D contradict the definition.
Question 119
A rise in participation rates may not be permanent because:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Participation tends to stabilize at a new level
Explanation: A is correct: Participation adjusts toward a long‑run equilibrium. B/C/D do not explain the temporary nature of participation shifts.
Question 120
Immigration increases potential GDP primarily by:
Select an option first.
Correct answer: A — Increasing labor supply
Explanation: A is correct: More workers → higher potential output. B/C/D are incorrect.
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